Oldest existing republic
Who
San Marino
Where
San Marino ()
When
The oldest existing republic is that of San Marino, which was founded on 3 September 301. San Marino is a micro-state, entirely surrounded by Italy with a population of 28,880 in 2005. Sources: CIA Factbook http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sm.html Wikipedia http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/europe/san_marino/