Highest Seasonal Population Difference

The human population of Antarctica is not permanent, but exists in research stations across the continent. Over the course of a year its population swells by a factor of five, from around 1,000 in the winter to around 5,000 during the summer. This is a result of the extremely harsh Antarctic winters which see the research stations manned by maintenance and support crews, while the vast majority of scientists and their support teams only live on the continent during the summer.