Shortest species of tree

The shortest species of tree is the dwarf willow (Salix herbacea). This tiny species, which has a woody stem and lateral branches, typically does not grow beyond 6 cm (2.5 in) tall, and is commonly found growing on tundra in the Arctic and subarctic regions.

Its close proximity to the ground helps it to survive in its inhospitable habitat, avoiding the brunt of strong winds and taking advantage of warmer temperatures closer to the surface. Relatively big leaves means it makes the most of capturing any available sunlight, which is particularly important at such high latitudes when several months of the year can go by in near-24-hour darkness.

Some botanists and arborists argue that the dwarf willow should not classify as a tree, insisting that a tree must have a trunk with a diameter of at least 3 in (7.6 cm) when fully grown. By this definition, among the smallest-growing trees are certain species of crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia) and Japanese maple (Acer), both of which can top out at 3 to 6 ft (0.9–1.8 m).