First Groom of the Stool

This role evolved from that of Yoman (or Yeoman) of the Stool under England’s Henry VI. Hugh Denys of Osterley (c. 1440–1511) was the earliest known official holder of this title, serving Henry VII. Denys oversaw the monarch’s toilet facilities, attended to him after he had performed his ablutions and even monitored his bowel movements, which he discussed with the royal physicians. However, in due course the postexpanded and Denys went on to become a close adviser to Henry, manager of the Privy Chamber (which was created c. 1495) and effectively the king’s own treasurer. The earliest documented record of the position dates from 1497 in a written order for Denys, therein described as "our Groom of the Stool".

In terms of similar preceding roles, there are references to William Grymesby as "Yoman of the Stoole" dating to 1455.