Lowest temperature recorded on Earth (northern hemisphere)

On 22 December 1991, the Klinck Automatic Weather Station in central Greenland (72.31°N, 40.48°W), located at an elevation of 3,105 m (10,187 ft) above sea level close to the topographic summit of the Greenland Ice Sheet, recorded a temperature of -69.6°C (-93.3°F). This was verified to be a record low for our planet's northern hemisphere by a review conducted by climate detectives, led by the World Meteorological Organization, that was published in the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society on 23 September 2020.

The previous coldest temperature in the northern hemisphere on record was -67.8°C (-90.0°F), historically logged in two Russian sites: Verkhoyanksk in February 1892 and Oimekon in January 1933.

The coldest air temperature recorded by a ground-based weather station overall belongs to the southern hemisphere: on 21 July 1983, temperatures at Russia's Vostok research station in Antarctica plunged to -89.2°C (-128.6°F), which is 54°C colder than the winter average there.